Task

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Templating Reference ​

Task's templating engine uses Go's text/template package to interpolate values. This reference covers the main features and all available functions for creating dynamic Taskfiles.

Basic Usage ​

Most string values in Task can be templated using double curly braces {{ and }}. Anything inside the braces is executed as a Go template.

Simple Variable Interpolation ​

yaml
version: '3'

tasks:
  hello:
    vars:
      MESSAGE: 'Hello, World!'
    cmds:
      - 'echo {{.MESSAGE}}'

Output:

Hello, World!

Conditional Logic ​

yaml
version: '3'

tasks:
  maybe-happy:
    vars:
      SMILE: ':\)'
      FROWN: ':\('
      HAPPY: true
    cmds:
      - 'echo {{if .HAPPY}}{{.SMILE}}{{else}}{{.FROWN}}{{end}}'

Output:

:)

Function Calls and Pipes ​

yaml
version: '3'

tasks:
  uniq:
    vars:
      NUMBERS: '0,1,1,1,2,2,3'
    cmds:
      - 'echo {{splitList "," .NUMBERS | uniq | join ", "}}'

Output:

0, 1, 2, 3

Control Flow with Loops ​

yaml
version: '3'

tasks:
  loop:
    vars:
      NUMBERS: [0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3]
    cmds:
      - |
        {{range $index, $num := .NUMBERS}}
        {{if gt $num 1}}{{break}}{{end}}
        echo {{$index}}: {{$num}}
        {{end}}

Output:

0: 0
1: 1
2: 1
3: 1

Special Variables ​

Task provides special variables that are always available in templates. These override any user-defined variables with the same name.

CLI ​

CLI_ARGS ​

  • Type: string
  • Description: All extra arguments passed after -- as a string
yaml
tasks:
  test:
    cmds:
      - go test {{.CLI_ARGS}}
bash
task test -- -v -race
# Runs: go test -v -race

CLI_ARGS_LIST ​

  • Type: []string
  • Description: All extra arguments passed after -- as a shell parsed list
yaml
tasks:
  docker-run:
    cmds:
      - docker run {{range .CLI_ARGS_LIST}}{{.}} {{end}}myapp

CLI_FORCE ​

  • Type: bool
  • Description: Whether --force or --force-all flags were set
yaml
tasks:
  deploy:
    cmds:
      - |
        {{if .CLI_FORCE}}
        echo "Force deployment enabled"
        {{end}}
        ./deploy.sh

CLI_SILENT ​

  • Type: bool
  • Description: Whether --silent flag was set

CLI_VERBOSE ​

  • Type: bool
  • Description: Whether --verbose flag was set

CLI_OFFLINE ​

  • Type: bool
  • Description: Whether --offline flag was set

Task ​

TASK ​

  • Type: string
  • Description: Name of the current task
yaml
tasks:
  build:
    cmds:
      - echo "Running task {{.TASK}}"

ALIAS ​

  • Type: string
  • Description: Alias used for the current task, otherwise matches TASK

TASK_EXE ​

  • Type: string
  • Description: Task executable name or path
yaml
tasks:
  self-update:
    cmds:
      - echo "Updating {{.TASK_EXE}}"

File Paths ​

ROOT_TASKFILE ​

  • Type: string
  • Description: Absolute path of the root Taskfile

ROOT_DIR ​

  • Type: string
  • Description: Absolute path of the root Taskfile directory

TASKFILE ​

  • Type: string
  • Description: Absolute path of the current (included) Taskfile

TASKFILE_DIR ​

  • Type: string
  • Description: Absolute path of the current Taskfile directory

TASK_DIR ​

  • Type: string
  • Description: Absolute path where the task is executed

USER_WORKING_DIR ​

  • Type: string
  • Description: Absolute path where task was called from
yaml
tasks:
  info:
    cmds:
      - echo "Root {{.ROOT_DIR}}"
      - echo "Current {{.TASKFILE_DIR}}"
      - echo "Working {{.USER_WORKING_DIR}}"

Status ​

CHECKSUM ​

  • Type: string
  • Description: Checksum of files in sources (only in status with checksum method)

TIMESTAMP ​

  • Type: time.Time
  • Description: Greatest timestamp of files in sources (only in status with timestamp method)
yaml
tasks:
  build:
    method: checksum
    sources: ['**/*.go']
    status:
      - test "{{.CHECKSUM}}" = "$(cat .last-checksum)"
    cmds:
      - go build ./...
      - echo "{{.CHECKSUM}}" > .last-checksum

Loop ​

ITEM ​

  • Type: any
  • Description: Current iteration value when using for property
yaml
tasks:
  greet:
    cmds:
      - for: [alice, bob, charlie]
        cmd: echo "Hello {{.ITEM}}"

Can be renamed using as:

yaml
tasks:
  greet:
    cmds:
      - for:
          var: NAMES
          as: NAME
        cmd: echo "Hello {{.NAME}}"

Defer ​

EXIT_CODE ​

  • Type: int
  • Description: Failed command exit code (only in defer, only when non-zero)
yaml
tasks:
  deploy:
    cmds:
      - ./deploy.sh
      - defer: |
          {{if .EXIT_CODE}}
          echo "Deployment failed with code {{.EXIT_CODE}}"
          ./rollback.sh
          {{end}}

System ​

TASK_VERSION ​

  • Type: string
  • Description: Current version of Task
yaml
tasks:
  version:
    cmds:
      - echo "Using Task {{.TASK_VERSION}}"

Available Functions ​

Task provides a comprehensive set of functions for templating. Functions can be chained using pipes (|) and combined for powerful templating capabilities.

Logic and Control Flow ​

and, or, not ​

Boolean operations for conditional logic

yaml
tasks:
  conditional:
    vars:
      DEBUG: true
      VERBOSE: false
      PRODUCTION: false
    cmds:
      - echo "{{if and .DEBUG .VERBOSE}}Debug mode with verbose{{end}}"
      - echo "{{if or .DEBUG .VERBOSE}}Some kind of debug{{end}}"
      - echo "{{if not .PRODUCTION}}Development build{{end}}"

eq, ne, lt, le, gt, ge ​

Comparison operations

yaml
tasks:
  compare:
    vars:
      VERSION: 3
    cmds:
      - echo "{{if gt .VERSION 2}}Version 3 or higher{{end}}"
      - echo "{{if eq .VERSION 3}}Exactly version 3{{end}}"

Data Access and Manipulation ​

index ​

Access array/map elements by index or key

yaml
tasks:
  access:
    vars:
      SERVICES: [api, web, worker]
      CONFIG:
        map:
          database: postgres
          port: 5432
    cmds:
      - echo "First service {{index .SERVICES 0}}"
      - echo "Database {{index .CONFIG "database"}}"

len ​

Get length of arrays, maps, or strings

yaml
tasks:
  length:
    vars:
      ITEMS: [a, b, c, d]
      TEXT: "Hello World"
    cmds:
      - echo "Found {{len .ITEMS}} items"
      - echo "Text has {{len .TEXT}} characters"

slice ​

Extract a portion of an array or string

yaml
tasks:
  slice-demo:
    vars:
      ITEMS: [a, b, c, d, e]
    cmds:
      - echo "{{slice .ITEMS 1 3}}"     # [b c]

String Functions ​

Basic String Operations ​

yaml
tasks:
  string-basic:
    vars:
      MESSAGE: '  Hello World  '
      NAME: 'john doe'
      TEXT: "Hello World"
    cmds:
      - echo "{{.MESSAGE | trim}}"          # "Hello World"
      - echo "{{.NAME | title}}"            # "John Doe"
      - echo "{{.NAME | upper}}"            # "JOHN DOE"
      - echo "{{.MESSAGE | lower}}"         # "hello world"
      - echo "{{.NAME | trunc 4}}"          # "john"
      - echo "{{"test" | repeat 3}}"        # "testtesttest"
      - echo "{{substr .TEXT 0 5}}"      # "Hello"

String Testing and Searching ​

yaml
tasks:
  string-test:
    vars:
      FILENAME: 'app.tar.gz'
      EMAIL: 'user@example.com'
    cmds:
      - echo "{{.FILENAME | hasPrefix "app"}}"    # true
      - echo "{{.FILENAME | hasSuffix ".gz"}}"    # true
      - echo "{{.EMAIL | contains "@"}}"          # true

String Replacement and Formatting ​

yaml
tasks:
  string-format:
    vars:
      TEXT: 'Hello, World!'
      UNSAFE: 'file with spaces.txt'
    cmds:
      - echo "{{.TEXT | replace "," ""}}"         # "Hello World!"
      - echo "{{.TEXT | quote}}"                  # "\"Hello, World!\""
      - echo "{{.UNSAFE | shellQuote}}"           # Shell-safe quoting
      - echo "{{.UNSAFE | q}}"                    # Short alias for shellQuote

Regular Expressions ​

yaml
tasks:
  regex:
    vars:
      EMAIL: 'user@example.com'
      TEXT: 'abc123def456'
    cmds:
      - echo "{{regexMatch "@" .EMAIL}}"                    # true
      - echo "{{regexFind "[0-9]+" .TEXT}}"                # "123"
      - echo "{{regexFindAll "[0-9]+" .TEXT -1}}"          # ["123", "456"]
      - echo "{{regexReplaceAll "[0-9]+" .TEXT "X"}}"      # "abcXdefX"

List Functions ​

List Access and Basic Operations ​

yaml
tasks:
  list-basic:
    vars:
      ITEMS: ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "date"]
    cmds:
      - echo "First {{.ITEMS | first}}"          # "apple"
      - echo "Last {{.ITEMS | last}}"            # "date"
      - echo "Rest {{.ITEMS | rest}}"            # ["banana", "cherry", "date"]
      - echo "Initial {{.ITEMS | initial}}"      # ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
      - echo "Length {{.ITEMS | len}}"           # 4

List Manipulation ​

yaml
tasks:
  list-manipulate:
    vars:
      NUMBERS: [3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 1]
      FRUITS: ["apple", "banana"]
    cmds:
      - echo "{{.NUMBERS | uniq}}"                       # [3, 1, 4, 5, 9]
      - echo "{{.NUMBERS | sortAlpha}}"                  # [1, 1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 9]
      - echo"'{{append .FRUITS "cherry"}}""              # ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
      - echo "{{ without .NUMBERS 1}}"                   # [3, 4, 5, 9]
      - echo "{{.NUMBERS | has 5}}"                      # true

String Lists ​

yaml
tasks:
  string-lists:
    vars:
      CSV: 'apple,banana,cherry'
      WORDS: ['hello', 'world', 'from', 'task']
      MULTILINE: |
        line1
        line2
        line3
    cmds:
      - echo "{{.CSV | splitList ","}}"           # ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
      - echo "{{.WORDS | join " "}}"              # "hello world from task"
      - echo "{{.WORDS | sortAlpha}}"             # ["from", "hello", "task", "world"]
      - echo "{{.MULTILINE | splitLines}}"        # Split on newlines (Unix/Windows)
      - echo "{{.MULTILINE | catLines}}"          # Replace newlines with spaces

Shell Argument Parsing ​

yaml
tasks:
  shell-args:
    vars:
      ARGS: 'file1.txt -v --output="result file.txt"'
    cmds:
      - |
        {{range .ARGS | splitArgs}}
        echo "Arg: {{.}}"
        {{end}}

Math Functions ​

yaml
tasks:
  math:
    vars:
      A: 10
      B: 3
      NUMBERS: [1, 5, 3, 9, 2]
    cmds:
      - echo "Addition {{add .A .B}}"            # 13
      - echo "Subtraction {{sub .A .B}}"         # 7
      - echo "Multiplication {{mul .A .B}}"      # 30
      - echo "Division {{div .A .B}}"            # 3
      - echo "Modulo {{mod .A .B}}"              # 1
      - echo "Maximum {{.NUMBERS | max}}"        # 9
      - echo "Minimum {{.NUMBERS | min}}"        # 1
      - echo "Random 1-99 {{randInt 1 100}}"     # Random number
      - echo "Random 0-999 {{randIntN 1000}}"    # Random number 0-999

Date and Time Functions ​

yaml
tasks:
  date-time:
    vars:
      BUILD_DATE: "2023-12-25"
    cmds:
      - echo "Now {{now | date "2006-01-02 15:04:05"}}"
      - echo {{ toDate "2006-01-02" .BUILD_DATE }}
      - echo "Build {{.BUILD_DATE | toDate "2006-01-02" | date "Jan 2, 2006"}}"
      - echo "Unix timestamp {{now | unixEpoch}}"
      - echo "Duration ago {{now | ago}}"

System Functions ​

Platform Information ​

yaml
tasks:
  platform:
    cmds:
      - echo "OS {{OS}}"                         # linux, darwin, windows, etc.
      - echo "Architecture {{ARCH}}"             # amd64, arm64, etc.
      - echo "CPU cores {{numCPU}}"              # Number of CPU cores
      - echo "Building for {{OS}}/{{ARCH}}"

Path Functions ​

yaml
tasks:
  paths:
    vars:
      WIN_PATH: 'C:\Users\name\file.txt'
      OUTPUT_DIR: 'dist'
      BINARY_NAME: 'myapp'
    cmds:
      - echo "{{.WIN_PATH | toSlash}}"                          # Convert to forward slashes
      - echo "{{.WIN_PATH | fromSlash}}"                        # Convert to OS-specific slashes
      - echo "{{joinPath .OUTPUT_DIR .BINARY_NAME}}"            # Join path elements
      - echo "Relative {{relPath .ROOT_DIR .TASKFILE_DIR}}"    # Get relative path

Data Structure Functions ​

Dictionary Operations ​

yaml
tasks:
  dict:
    vars:
      CONFIG:
        map:
          database: postgres
          port: 5432
          ssl: true
    cmds:
      - echo "Database {{.CONFIG | get "database"}}"
      - echo "Keys {{.CONFIG | keys}}"
      - echo "Has SSL {{.CONFIG | hasKey "ssl"}}"
      - echo "{{dict "env" "prod" "debug" false}}"

Merging and Combining ​

yaml
tasks:
  merge:
    vars:
      BASE_CONFIG:
        map:
          timeout: 30
          retries: 3
      USER_CONFIG:
        map:
          timeout: 60
          debug: true
    cmds:
      - echo "{{merge .BASE_CONFIG .USER_CONFIG | toJson}}"

Default Values and Coalescing ​

yaml
tasks:
  defaults:
    vars:
      API_URL: ""
      DEBUG: false
      ITEMS: []
    cmds:
      - echo "{{.API_URL | default "http://localhost:8080"}}"
      - echo "{{.DEBUG | default true}}"
      - echo "{{.MISSING_VAR | default "fallback"}}"
      - echo "{{coalesce .API_URL .FALLBACK_URL "default"}}"
      - echo "Is empty {{empty .ITEMS}}"                     # true

Encoding and Serialization ​

JSON ​

yaml
tasks:
  json:
    vars:
      DATA:
        map:
          name: 'Task'
          version: '3.0'
      JSON_STRING: '{"key": "value", "number": 42}'
    cmds:
      - echo "{{.DATA | toJson}}"
      - echo "{{.DATA | toPrettyJson}}"
      - echo "{{.JSON_STRING | fromJson }}"

YAML ​

yaml
tasks:
  yaml:
    vars:
      CONFIG:
        map:
          database:
            host: localhost
            port: 5432
      YAML_STRING: |
        key: value
        items:
          - one
          - two
    cmds:
      - echo "{{.CONFIG | toYaml}}"
      - echo "{{.YAML_STRING | fromYaml}}"

Base64 ​

yaml
tasks:
  base64:
    vars:
      SECRET: 'my-secret-key'
    cmds:
      - echo "{{.SECRET | b64enc}}"               # Encode to base64
      - echo "{{"bXktc2VjcmV0LWtleQ==" | b64dec}}"   # Decode from base64

Type Conversion ​

yaml
tasks:
  convert:
    vars:
      NUM_STR: '42'
      FLOAT_STR: '3.14'
      BOOL_STR: 'true'
      ITEMS: [1, 2, 3]
    cmds:
      - echo "{{.NUM_STR | atoi | add 8}}"        # String to int: 50
      - echo "{{.FLOAT_STR | float64}}"           # String to float: 3.14
      - echo "{{.ITEMS | toStrings}}"             # Convert to strings: ["1", "2", "3"]

Utility Functions ​

UUID Generation ​

yaml
tasks:
  generate:
    vars:
      DEPLOYMENT_ID: "{{uuid}}"
    cmds:
      - echo "Deployment ID {{.DEPLOYMENT_ID}}"

Debugging ​

yaml
tasks:
  debug:
    vars:
      COMPLEX_VAR:
        map:
          items: [1, 2, 3]
          nested:
            key: value
    cmds:
      - echo "{{spew .COMPLEX_VAR}}"              # Pretty-print for debugging

Output Functions ​

Formatted Output ​

yaml
tasks:
  output:
    vars:
      VERSION: "1.2.3"
      BUILD: 42
    cmds:
      - echo '{{print "Simple output"}}'
      - echo '{{printf "Version %s.%d" .VERSION .BUILD}}'
      - echo '{{println "With newline"}}'